Raglan
defines music as a ‘unique human trait strongly linked to motivation and
enhances social contact’ (Schulkin and Raglan, 2014) enforced by Darwin who believed that music is ‘tied
to our social instinct’ (Darwin, 2007). Music is introduced to us
from a young age when our parents sing lullabies to us enabling appreciation
for it from a young age as we link the mental and physical benefits of human
contact to music. Music transforms information into engaging and interesting
forms adding a fun element to learning as it engages both hemispheres of our
brain. It can enhance our wellbeing through improving our mood and improves
many people’s lives through its healing powers.
Music
facilitates social contact which enables us to obtain a sense of belonging
which allows us ‘to feel like we are part of something bigger and more
important that ourselves’ (Campbell, 2001).
The sense of belonging is considered a fundamental human need highlighted third
in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s concept was that one had to first
achieve the basic needs of survival which include eating and sleeping before
they can obtain self-actualisation (Maslow, 1985). When we are born we obtain this sense of belonging
from our family reflecting the importance of belonging enforced by the prison
punishment of isolation. Isolation has various psychological related problems
including stress which can trigger a domino effect to other health problems (Edmonds, 2010).
Music
offers psychological benefits to individuals and acts as a friend for example
after a break up people can relate to music that reflects their mood and those
who lost loved ones can use it to remember their loved ones. This process
triggers memories which allows individuals to escape from reality. Music bring
back lost ones in memory and remind people of the values and concepts those
people may have taught them before they passed away for example motivational
words from lost ones can help you pull through everyday struggles.
Who we are affects who we relate ourselves
with which affects the availability we have to resources. Self-identity allows
us to distinguish ourselves from others and bring us closer to others with
similar values from which we can form groups. These groups allow us to feel a
range of emotions including safety. In groups we tend to take risker decisions
which can be both negative and positive because it can allow us to live our
lives to the fullest but can sometimes bring an element of danger.
Music surpasses time, space, language and
maths allowing it to be used for deeper purposes such as communicating to other
beings in the spirit realm for religious individuals. Music can be used to
communicate with the supernatural to try and understand the things our brains
are incapable of answering such as the big questions concerning who we are and
the afterlife.
Music
affects our mood (Hargreaves and North, 2004) either positively or negatively.
The journal of positive psychology by Ferguson states that listening to upbeat
music can improve your happiness. Our mood is reflected on how we interact with
others for example if you are having a bad day you may react with anger to
someone’s comment that may have not triggered that kind of emotional response
from you another day. In a work environment a negative mood from a boss or
colleague can be contagious affecting staff productivity and potentially cost
on their job. A negative mood in a job that involves customer service would
lead to the consumer having a bad experience. This would trigger them to spread
negative word of mouth to the people they know and reduces the chances of them
purchasing from that brand or service in the future. We tend to remember
negative experiences more than positive ones therefore people are bound to
remember negative experiences in the future.
The
past can be relived through memories when we listen to music. Music allows us
to transcend and elevate above physical restrictions. When we play music that
is linked to positive memories it can produce feel good hormones and
temporarily improve our state of wellbeing.
As
individuals we have a self-perception on who we are and how we want to be
viewed by others therefore what music we listen then reflects who we are. Music
allows us to meet new people and socialise with the ones we already know. Social
circumstances in music include what may be considered the right music for
instance in a Christian community metal rock may be considered the wrong genre
because it doesn’t reflect their values. Social class plays a small part as
income levels may affect what events can attend for example some individuals
may have to work extra hours at work so they can afford an event with their
friends while keeping up with their bills.
Music
is everywhere in modern society and cannot be removed from our lives for
example music is used in retail to set the mood increasing the chances of us
purchasing from that place (Yalch and Spangenberg, 1993). With the perception of what we define as music
forever changing (What
is music, 2011).
Even without the use of technological advancements that have made our lives
easier music still cannot be removed from our lives because nature and animals
generate ‘music’ from waterfalls to birds sings there is always going to be
music in our lives. Modern society uses music to enhance the consumer’s
experience for example in video games taking sims for example the music gets
you excited making your gaming experience that little extra special (Prensky, 2004).
Education
consumption is enhanced everyday by in cooperating an element of music.
Children at a young age use music to help them learn alphabetical letters
through songs making their learning process fun and enjoyable. An example of
another use of music in education are poems. They can be used to educate when
students learn them and increase creativity when they are set to create their
own. Acronyms in their vast use reflect that music can be used to help us learn
information and remember more efficiently. Music is compulsory in the UK until
year 9 because of the highlighted benefits to wellbeing. Music lessons may be
both positive and negative because they may brighten up the child's day at
school however some children may feel left out if they don't play an
instrument. Not being able to play an instrument can encourage them to learn as
they would want to impress their friends and fit in however for others this
could push them even further because they may not be able to access sufficient
music lessons as they are expensive. Studies show that listening to Mozart
music makes you smarter for a short period of time boosting your intellectual
skills (Campbell,
2001). The temporary boost
can make all the different when it comes to results for students taking exams.
Adults can use music to learn various more complex information for example
historical context to help them understand their past. Adults can use music to
learn various more complex information for example historical context to help
them understand their past.
Music
can provide individuals with a feeling of escapism from daily routines and
brain workouts for musicians. Playing music helps individuals perform closer to
their optimum level on everyday routines. Instrumental playing offers the brain
a full workout increasing its efficiency for example research shows that
musicians obtain and retrieve memories quicker that non musicians. The brain
workouts can work in favour for musicians in problem solving situations such as
puzzle solving giving them the edge over others in competitive environments. As
a musician playing music allows me to obtain the state of flow noted in the
works of Csikszentmihalyi. When playing music, I forget about everything and
loose myself to the instrument, a time in which I can let my imagination be
stretched to ideal situations producing feel good hormones (Gangrade, 2011).
After playing music I feel relaxed and less concerned about my troubles. More
people will want to be around me if I’m in a good mood which reduces the
chances of isolation from which negative psychological problems can develop.
Music's
most powerful property is its ability to heal allowing us to live better lives
both mentally and physically however it cannot be considered as a ‘pill to
abolish diseases’ (Koelsch, 2012). Music therapy can help in
situations where ‘medication has failed’ (clear, 2016). Communication becomes easier when music is involved because
even if you don't know someone you open up more when music is involved because
it acts as a mutual friend. Its ability to help the body move allows the
patient and the therapist to interact more. People can overcome physical
difficulties such as speaking through music because it involves both
hemispheres of the brain making it easier to communicate with patients that may
have brain damage for example after a stroke (Mannes
and Patel, 2011).
Singing can be used by patients who can't speak as a form of communication.
Children with special needs can benefit from music therapy to overcome
difficulties including communication and involvement which allows them to feel
valued and important to their environment. When children are happy so are their
parents because a child's wellbeing affects them and their parents. The same
applies the other way round because children also want their parents to be
happy taking an instance where your parent may be in a nursing home because
their age and health factors. If your parent has dementia it can be difficult to
communicate with them reducing communication while increasing chances of them
mentally isolating themselves. In a case like this personalized music therapy
can help them transcend back to their memories that can leave them feeling
better and allow them to open up more to others. It can also boost their
confidence for example even at an old age for musicians participating in
playing music can psychologically heal them. The mentioned are just a small
part of music therapy and the wonders it can do to improving communication and
social interaction in people's lives.
Confidence
levels differ within individuals and some individuals have difficulties
expressing themselves. Music acts as the mutual friend between human’s acts
providing a platform in which people can express themselves. Some individuals
may find it easier to express their feelings through music rather than speech.
By playing music one can obtain people's attention easier and people will
remember that person increasing the chances of them interacting. Expressing
one's love is another use of music in everyday life, singing to your loved ones
can be used to increase bonding between individuals.
Music
affects how we spent our leisure for example planning and consuming music is money
and time consuming. Everything has pros and cons including music, alongside all
the health benefits we get from listening and making music comes negatives. If
one was to spend the whole day listening to music it reduces productivity from
the rest of the required tasks such as work. When one does not work they cannot
earn money limiting what they can and can't afford in their lifestyle.
Lifestyle of an individual will affect their mood and how they behave in
society. Music participation activities vary throughout the day, clubbing for
example takes place late night and early morning hours. Attending clubs can be
beneficial for social interaction however it eats into your time in this
instance your sleeping time which if not monitored can lead to health problems.
Overall
music enriches our moods which determine how we feel and are viewed by others
by ‘influencing our behaviour’ (Koelsch,
2014) Our moods play a role in social
interaction which offers us various feelings that makes up our happy and sad
times. The need to belong has physical and psychological benefits that are key
to our survival and music facilitates social cohesion and opportunities that
enhance different aspects needed for us to be happy.
No comments:
Post a Comment